Features of word-formation semantics of suffix -k(a) in Smolensk dialects

The suffix -k(a) is the most representative in Smolensk dialect and is widely used in the spheres of the noun and verbal derivation of this particular dialect system. In each of these spheres, this suffix is involved in the formation of word-formation types, including a number of word-formation models. Word-formation types with suffix -k(a) are represented by approximately the same number of words - about 300 derivative nouns in each. The dialect specificity of the suffix -k(a) from the area of word-formative meaning is manifested in the word-formative types in comparison with similar word-formative types of the all-Russian language. Nouns formed from nouns have two types of word-formative meaning: mutational and modificational. The modificational word-formative meaning is standard for such formations in the all-Russian language and in Smolensk dialect and is divided, in turn, into a number of subtypes: synonyms of motivating words; words similar in appearance to motivating; words that call for whole pieces based on the one piece or, on the contrary, a part from the whole. Mutational word-formative meaning is not typical for the all-Russian language and is a bright specificity of Smolensk dialect. For verbal nouns, the specificity of word-formative meaning is determined differently, through the ratio of word-formative models that fill the type. In this case, we can talk about two highly common models - the names of the object of action and the object serving for the implementation of the action. Two models within the type, on the contrary, are very poorly represented: these are words that call objects that are partially the result of an action, as well as subjects of the action. Mutational word-formation semantics of the noun-derived nouns and the different distribution of word-formation models from the verbal nouns constitute the peculiarities of the suffix -k(a) in Smolensk dialect.