Reflection of the locus of North and South in the dialect vocabulary of household culture
Abstract
In the framework of this article, the authors reflect on the problem of localization of Russian dialectal vocabulary. According to researchers, it is far from always possible to speak of a clear juxtaposition of lexical units, for example, according to the territory of their existence in the South Russian and North Russian dialects. Many dialect words have extensive distribution areas that do not fit into the boundaries of the two main dialects of the Russian language. The article analyzes the vocabulary that reflects everyday culture, the choice of this thematic group was made by chance, because the culture of life is both the culture of housing, and the culture of housekeeping. The main material of the study was lexical units indicating the type of housing, especially its arrangement and decoration. The considered lexemes were recorded by the authors of the article in the eastern part of the Tula dialect group, which so far has no systematic lexicographic description. It would seem that traditional housing is directly related to the natural and climatic conditions, the nature of the main human activity, and the tokens belonging to the thematic group under consideration should be quite clearly contrasted as North Russian and South Russian. However, the analysis based on the materials of the consolidated “Dictionary of Russian Folk Dialects” yields the opposite result: almost all the dialect lexemes analyzed have a wide area of existence and cover both the North/Central Russian dialects and the South Russian dialects. This observation confirms the conclusions that mapmakers constantly come to when compiling the “Lexical Atlas of Russian Folk Dialects”: dialect lexical units in most cases have very complex and diverse types of distribution. Such thoughts make us think about the reasons for this phenomenon: among which may be the inter-dialect nature of many lexical units, and the numerous migration processes that have been repeatedly observed in the history of our country, and the transitional nature of many dialects.
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