Hydrolandscape vocabulary of the Komi language
Abstract
The subject of linguistic analysis is hydronymic vocabulary of the literary Komi-Zyryan language belonging to the category of common words. This branch of the basic word fund has ancient origins, its formation and development occurred at all important stages of the evolution of our language, starting with proto-Uralic era. Ancient layer of hydronyms has a genetic correspondence both in the Permian, and in the majority of modern Finno-Ugric languages. Recent formations appear in the period of independent existence of the studied language ather its divergence from the closely related Udmurt and Komi-Zyryan languages. On the basis of the subject and conceptual content of the designations two categories of hydronyms are identified and discusses. One of them, consisting solely of primordial words is system-forming or dominant intended for the nomination of the main types of water bodies of the given territory. The second group is concentrated around the dominant units and acts in relation to them as intra-systemic formations. The non-numerous foreign-language component of the Komi hydronimic vocabulary begins to develop in the common-Permian epoch. Most of the non-primordial formations is a late type of borrowings that have penetrated either from the Russian literary language, or from neighboring folk dialects.
References
Dal V. (1989–1991) Tolkovyy slovar’ zhivogo velikorusskogo yazyka [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language]: In 4 vols. Moscow: Russkiy yazyk. (in Russian)
Komi-permyatsko-russkiy slovar (1985) [Komi-Permian-Russian dictionary]. Moscow: Russkiy yazyk. (in Russian)
Komi-roch kyvchukör (2000) [Komi-Russian dictionary]. Syktyvkar: Komi knizhnoye izdatel’stvo. (in Komi)
Lytkin V., Gulyayev Y. (1999) Kratkiy etimologicheskiy slovar’ komi yazyka [A short etymological dictionary of the Komi language]. Syktyvkar: Komi knizhnoye izdatel’stvo. (in Russian)
Rédei K. (1986–1988) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary]. Bande I–II. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. (in German)
Russko-komi slovar’ (2003) [Russian-Komi Dictionary]. Syktyvkar: Komi knizhnoye izdatel’stvo. (in Russian)
Slovar’ russkikh govorov Srednego Urala (1971–1983) [Dictionary of Russian dialects of the Middle Urals]. Vol. 2–4. Sverdlovsk: Izd-vo UrGU. (in Russian)
Slovar’ russkikh narodnykh govorov (1969) [Dictionary of Russian folk dialects]. Vol. 4. Lenigrad: Izd-vo Nauka, Lenigradskoye otdeleniye. (in Russian)
Slovar’ russkikh narodnykh govorov (1978) [Dictionary of Russian folk dialects]. Vol. 14. Lenigrad: Izd-vo Nauka, Lenigradskoye otdeleniye. (in Russian)
Udmurtsko-russkiy slovar’ (1983) [Udmurt-Russian dictionary]. Moscow: Russkiy yazyk. (in Russian)
Udmurtsko-russkiy slovar’ (2008) [Udmurt-Russian dictionary]. Izhevsk: Udm. in-t IYAL UrO RAN. (in Russian)
Yevgenyeva A. P. (ed.) (1981–1983) Slovar’ russkogo yazyka [Dictionary of the Russian language]. Vol. 1–3. Moscow: Russkiy yazyk. (in Russian)