The dictionary of reindeer herding lexis used in business documents of North Karelia: a project
Abstract
The article deals with a project of historical and ethnographic dictionary of reindeer herding lexis used in the 18-20th century business documents of the North of Karelia. The dictionary will contain lexis related to reindeer herding used in the Russian dialects spoken in Kem’ Pomorye area as well as in the North Karelian dialects of the Karelian language. It will also include historical and ethnographic information about traditional, collective-farm and government-run reindeer herding in the North of Karelia. The dictionary will contain the following groups of reindeer herding lexis: designations of deer differentiated by gender and age; vehicles and their components; parts of a reindeer team; deer diseases; owners, drivers and herders of deer; buildings for keeping deer, etc. For the purpose of determining the semantic structure of a word as well as for extra reference the dictionary will use a variety of printed and archival sources. The author provides a detailed description of the dictionary sources, examines the structure of the entry, and suggests sample entries on certain thematic groups of reindeer-herding vocabulary. The issue of the origin and specificity of reindeer herding in the North of Karelia is briefly considered. Among the archival documents one can note the following: reports on the reindeer herding surveys in Kem’ and Ukhta districts of KASSR; deer acceptance certificates; sales documents for government-owned deer; claims for deer from citizens; correspondence between local authorities about reindeer herding; minutes of administrative and general meetings of collective farms; annual and statistical reports of collective farms and governmentrun reindeer herding farms. The dictionary will contain information about the area of distribution of a dialect word (with clear localization up to the community) as well as about the time of its fixation in the document. At the end of each dictionary entry, parallel names from the Karelian language dialects are given. The reference section of the dictionary will include articles with encyclopedic information about communities where deer were kept, breeds of deer, the impact of various historical events (World War I, Karelian uprising, Soviet-Finnish war, Great Patriotic War, collectivization) and other peoples (Saami, Izhma Komi, Finns) on reindeer herding in Karelia.
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