Retaining of the Russian archaic vocabulary in the speech of residents of the Komi-Permyatsky district (according to the words with the root (s) mil-)
Abstract
The article considers the “bewitchment” semantics of words with the root smil- and smilit- in the Russian and Komi-Permyak dialects of Komi-Permyatsky district. A rich dialect material is presented, demonstrating both the semantics and its shades. Materials of dictionaries of the Komi languages, historical and etymological dictionaries of the Russian language are also involved in the analysis. The semantic history of the root mil- in the Russian literary language and Russian dialects is considered. In Russian, the root mil- has formed two series of meanings associated with the expression of feelings: on the one hand, these are earthly feelings of sympathy, love that exist between parents and children, between lovers and spouses; on the other hand, these are “high” Christian feelings of compassion and forgiveness. The modern Russian literary language has not retained the meanings associated with the expression of love feelings and the relationship of a man and a woman in prefixed (with the prefix s-) formations with the root mil-; however, the Russian dialects of the Komi-Permyatsky District have preserved those meanings. The reason for the presence of this meaning of the root (s)mil- in Russian dialects is that some time ago, perhaps in the first centuries of its interaction with Russian dialects, the Komi-Permyak language borrowed the Russian dialect verb smilit’. The Komi-Permyak verb smilitny not only retained the original, folk-colloquial semantics, but also developed it. In the Komi-Permyak language and dialects the root smilit- denotes various types of magical influence on a man or a woman, associated with the expression of relations between the sexes. Russian dialects, which are in close contact with the Komi-Permyak dialects, retained this word with the same meaning as in the Komi-Permyak language, and the root smil- (indivisible into morphemes) formed the verbs osmilivat', prismilivat', prismilit'.
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