Nomination of plants by features of morphological structure in Finno-Permic languages
Abstract
In this paper, the author examines the nomination of plants on the basis of certain peculiarities of their morphological structure in Finno-Permic languages, one of the branches of Finno-Ugric languages. This group of phytonyms is very diverse both in its composition and in the models of nomination, among which there are only few common for two or more languages. Mushroom names are considered along with phytonyms, since there is no fundamental difference in nomination between mushrooms and plants.
As a rule, the names considered in this paper are composite and consist of two or more components. Both borrowings and one-component phytonyms motivated by words representing certain features are rare. The presence of structural features is usually expressed by the determining component, which naturally occupies the first place in the Finno-Ugric words. The variety of such features is great: the size of the plant or its parts, the hardness or softness of the stem or leaves, the presence of specific structural features (thorns, hard stem, pods, etc.).
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