On the etymology of the Russian dialect roots shokh-/shakh-/shak- ‘canopy’, ‘sticks; support’, ‘shoulders’

The article is concerned with the etymology of the Russian dialect words шох, шо́ха, шоха́, шаха́, ша́ха [shokh, shokha, shakha] ‘canopy; shed; pillar; straw or flax sheaf’, ша́хи, шахи́ [shakhi] ‘sticks for rick supporting at the sides’, ‘stick with a fork for seine drying’, ‘sticks for fishing net fixation’ and ша́ки, шаки́ [shaki] ‘shoulders’. One root with a variant phonetic structure шох-/шах-/шак- [shokh-/shakh-/shak-] is identified in them. It evolved from the base сох- [sokh-] in the word соха́ [sokha] ‘stick; support’. It is assumed that the first consonant in its derivatives (сошни́к, со́шка [soshnik, soshka]) changed to ш [sh] as a result of assimilation. And thus the forms шошни́к [shoshnik], шо́шка [shoshka] appeared. For the reason of back-formation their false derivatives шо́ха, шоха́ [shokha] and шаха́, ша́ха [shakha] were formed. As for semantics, соха́ [sokha], besides sticks, names buildings and their parts which are the same as шох, шо́ха, шоха́, шаха́, ша́ха [shokh, shokha, shakha] mean: cf. соха́ [sokha] ‘canopy on pillars for straw sheaves and hay storage’. On the other hand, шо́ха, шоха́, шаха́, ша́ха [shokha, shakha] nominate not only canopies and sheds but also sticks: cf. шо́ха [shokha] ‘stick with branches for making a rick around if hay is not dry’, шоха́ [shokha] ‘dry trees’, ша́хи, шахи́ [shakhi] ‘sticks for rick supporting at the sides’ etc. This etymology is also proved with linguistic geography data: шо́ха, шоха́, шаха́, ша́ха [shokha, shakha] concentrate in the South of the Northern Russian dialects, in the West of the middle and the Southern Russian dialects and also in the East of Belarus. This disproves existing hypotheses about their Finno-Ugric or Turkic origin. The forms with the meaning ‘stick’ like ша́хи, шахи́ [shakhi] are registered inside the area of шох, шо́ха, шоха́, шаха́, ша́ха [shokh, shokha, shakha] ‘canopy; shed’. This attests to their affinity despite some researches viewpoint. For ша́ки, шаки́ [shaki] ‘shoulders’ which is used to denote kid carrying on the back a new inner form is given. It is based on the meaning ‘construction made from sticks on which something is hanged or heaped’. The later characterizes the words шо́ха [shokha] ‘stick with branches for making a rick around if hay is not dry’ and шахыри́ [shakhyri] ‘construction made from sticks for clover and flax drying’. In ша́ки, шаки́ [shaki] this construction is copied with a human body bent in loin when a kid is carried on it.