Vocabulary of meadow landscape in the Komi language
Abstract
The paper deals with one of the components of the landscape vocabulary - designations of the meadow landscape in the Komi language. As an independent microsystem, this lexical and thematic group has its own structural organization, an individual composition of the objects of nomination together with a specific set of lexical units for their designation. The analysis of actual material related mainly to the Komi literary language is carried out using both diachronic and synchronous methods of linguistic research. At the semantic level, the vocabulary of the meadow landscape differs between unambiguous and polysemantic words, which all without exception have direct meanings. On the basis of subject conceptual content of nominative units, the entire set of names under consideration, in accordance with their denotative characteristics, is divided into five main subgroups. Using the comparative historical method of research, the hierarchy of the primordial part of the meadow landscape vocabulary of the Komi language is represented, which is characterized by the presence of four components of the ancient vocabulary: proto-Uralic, proto-Finno-Permic, proto-Permic, and proto-Komi. The part of the original vocabulary that arose during the period of independent existence of the Komi language, which does not have genetic correspondences in other related languages, is analyzed with respect to the features of the structural word-forming system consisting of one-word designations and compound names. The derivation or non-derivation basis of the analyzed words as well as the belonging of two-word and three-word compounds to the corresponding parts of speech are used as a criterion for classifying single-member lexemes. The foreign-language component of the Komi meadow landscape vocabulary consists of a few borrowings that have penetrated from two external sources.
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